π₯
Smash the Bridges
The break-test payoff
We hang weights on the bridges you designed and 3D-printed β and pull until they snap. Strongest-for-its-weight wins.
Each bridge gets mounted on the rig and pulled while a sensor called a load cell β basically a digital scale β reads the exact force at the instant it breaks. Your score is the breaking force Γ· the weight, so a light bridge that holds a lot can beat a heavy one. We guess the breaking force out loud before every pull (your guesses get sharper all session β that's literally what engineers do). One newton is about the weight of a small apple, so "snapped at 250 N" means it took about 250 apples pulling at once.
Strength-to-weightMeasurementDestructive testing
π€ Fun fact
Airplane makers bend a brand-new wing until it literally explodes β to find its true limit. A Boeing 777 wing snapped at 154% of the heaviest load it's allowed to carry, and the 787's wingtips bent up about 25 feet before letting go. Breaking it on purpose is how you learn to trust it.
π¬ Ask your camper
"How much did your bridge hold before it snapped? Did a lighter bridge beat a heavier one β and why does that win?"
π Try it at home
Design another bridge in TrussForge and watch the stress and weight change live as you carve plastic away β then imagine the break-test.
Learn more
- TrussForge β the bridge-design app from camp.
- PBS Building Big β David Macaulay on bridges, arches, and how big structures carry weight.
π
Dissolving-Support Fidget Spinners
Print Β· dissolve Β· spin
We printed fidget spinners in one piece β bearing and all β then dissolved away a special plastic to set them free to spin.
A 3D printer can't print on thin air, so it lays down temporary scaffolding called support. Ours was printed in PVA β a plastic that dissolves in warm water. Drop the print in, the support turns to slime and vanishes, and you're left with a clean spinner whose center bearing β a ring of tiny balls β spins freely. Those little balls turn rubbing-and-sliding into rolling, which is hundreds of times easier, so a good spinner just keeps going and going.
3D printingMaterials scienceFriction & bearings
π€ Fun fact
The PVA support that disappears in water is the same water-soluble plastic as the dishwasher- and laundry-pod film that melts away in your machine. And the world record for spinning a fidget spinner on one finger is 24 minutes and 46 seconds!
π¬ Ask your camper
"Whose spinner spun the longest? What made the special support plastic disappear β and why can't a printer just print on thin air?"
π Try it at home
Spin a bike wheel or a desk fan and feel how it keeps going on its own β that smooth spin is a bearing turning sliding into rolling. Or design your own part to print in Tinkercad.
Learn more
- Tinkercad β free, beginner-friendly 3D design in your browser.
- Science Buddies β search "bearings" or "friction" for hands-on experiments.
π‘
Robot Cars & Antennas
Drive Β· radio Β· channels
We keep driving the robot cars you built β and find out how the remote talks to the car: invisible radio.
Every robot car is run by a micro:bit, and every micro:bit has the exact same little antenna β a zig-zag of copper printed right onto the board β and the exact same radio. That means out of the box, they can all hear each other. So how does your remote drive your car and not your neighbor's? You pick a channel (a "radio group") β just like two walkie-talkies have to be set to the same channel to talk. Same antenna, same radio, different channel. And because radio travels at the speed of light, your steering message beats across the room the instant you press the button.
Radio & antennasChannels & signalsSense β think β act
π€ Fun fact
The micro:bit's antenna isn't a wire sticking out β it's printed right onto the circuit board (the gold zig-zag near the top edge). Every micro:bit ships on the same channel, so a whole fleet of them can talk at once. Radio waves move about a million times faster than sound β the same reason you see lightning before you hear the thunder.
π¬ Ask your camper
"How did you make sure your remote drove your car and not someone else's? What's a 'channel,' and how is it like a walkie-talkie?"
π Try it at home
No robot needed β open the Robot App and code a car, or program two micro:bits to send each other radio messages in MakeCode.
π
Build a Bluetooth Speaker
Build Β· pair Β· play
You put together a real working Bluetooth speaker β no soldering β then paired a phone and played your own song through it.
Inside is a coil of wire (an electromagnet) sitting next to a magnet and glued to a paper cone. Your music is electricity that wiggles back and forth; it flips the coil's magnetism, the coil gets shoved like a piston against the magnet, and the cone punches the air β and air you can feel is sound. Faster wiggle = higher pitch; bigger push = louder. The Bluetooth part is a tiny radio: your phone turns the song into 1s and 0s and beams them over as a short-range radio wave the speaker decodes and plays.
ElectronicsHow sound worksBluetooth & radio
π€ Fun fact
Bluetooth is named after a real Viking king β Harald "Bluetooth" Gormsson, who united Denmark and Norway over a thousand years ago (and supposedly had a dead, blue-grey tooth). The Bluetooth logo is his initials β H and B β written in Viking runes and squished together into one symbol.
π¬ Ask your camper
"What's actually inside a speaker that makes the sound? And why on earth is the wireless part named after a Viking king?"
π Try it at home
Rest your fingertips gently on a speaker while music plays and feel it buzz β that buzz is the sound being made. Or make a "cup phone" with two cups and a tight string.
π§±
Sugar-Cube Arch Bridges
Stack Β· keystone Β· hold
Using nothing but sugar cubes, you built an arch bridge that holds itself up with no glue at all.
You stack the cubes over a curved form and drop the keystone into the middle β then slide the form away andβ¦ it stands! An arch carries weight by squeezing: each cube pushes on its neighbors, so pressing down on the top makes the whole arch press together tighter, not fall apart. That's the secret of a stone arch β gravity is what holds it together, so it needs no glue and no nails.
StructuresCompressionGeometry & teamwork
π€ Fun fact
The Romans built stone arches and aqueducts exactly this way 2,000 years ago β and many are still standing today, with no glue and no steel. They're held up by nothing but the wedge shape, the keystone, and gravity squeezing it all together.
π¬ Ask your camper
"What happened when you slid the form out from under your arch? Why does an arch get stronger when you push down on the top?"
π Try it at home
Build a mini arch from a box of sugar cubes (or wooden blocks) over a rolled-up paper tube, set the keystone, and pull the tube out. No frosting needed β gravity does the gluing.
Keep building at home
The two apps we use at camp are free and run in your browser β design and break a bridge, or code a robot car and a smart home.
β More projects Camp home β